Arunachal Pradesh is located between 26.28° N and 29.30° N latitude and 91.20° E and 97.30° E longitude and has an area of 83,743 km2 (32,333 sq mi). The topography rapidly rises to 7000 m at its highest peak.
Kangte, Nyegi Kangsang, the main Gorichen peak, and the Eastern Gorichen peak are some of the highest peaks in this region of the Himalayas. Numerous river valleys dissect the precipitous terrain of Arunachal.
Some of the major rivers are Kameng, Subansiri, Siang, Dibang, Lohit and Noa-Dihing rivers. Mountains until the Siang river are classified under the Eastern Himalayas mountain range. Between the Siang river and the Noa-Dihing river is classified as the Mishmi Hills that may be part of the Hengduan Shan, but the true extents of these mountains is unclear. South of the Noa-Dihing in Tirap and Longding districts, these mountains are part of the Patkai Range.
The rivers are fed by an immense abundance of forest cover that absorbs moisture and transfers
it to subsurface flows. Summer melt water from snow caps also contributes to the volume of water. Either or both Dong Basti and Vijaynagar basti in Arunachal Pradesh receives the first morning sun rays in the entire country,as the easternmost village of the country. The mountain ranges in Arunachal Pradesh are described as "the place where the sun rises" in historical Indian texts and named the Aruna Mountains.
Climate
The climate of Arunachal Pradesh varies with elevation. The low altitude 100 – 1500 m areas have
a Humid subtropical climate. High altitude and very high altitude areas 3500 – 5500 m have a
subtropical highland climate and alpine climate. Arunachal Pradesh receives 2,000 to 5,000 millimetres79 to 197 in of rainfall annually,70 - 80% obtained between May and October.
Biodiversity
In the year 2000 Arunachal Pradesh was covered with 63,093 km2 24,360 sq mi of tree cover 77% of its land area.
Arunachal's forests account for one-third of habitat area within the Himalayan biodiversity hot-spot.In 2013, 31,273 km2 12,075 sq miof Arunachal's forests were identified as part of a vast area of continuous forests65,730 km2 or 25,380 sq mi, including forests in Myanmar, China and Bhutan known as Intact Forest Landscapes.
It harbours over 5000 plants, about 85 terrestrial mammals, over 500 birds and a large number of butterflies, insects and reptiles.At the lowest elevations, essentially at Arunachal Pradesh's border with Assam, are BrahmaputraValley semi-evergreen forests. Much of the state, including the Himalayan foothills and the Patkai hills, are home to Eastern Himalayan broadleaf forests.
Toward the northern border with Tibet, with increasing elevation, come a mixture of Eastern and Northeastern Himalayan subalpine conifer forests followed by Eastern Himalayan alpine shrub and meadows and ultimately rock and ice on the highest peaks. It supports a large number of medicinal plants and within Ziro valley of Lower Subansiri district 158 medicinal plants are being used by its inhabitants.
The mountain slopes and hills are covered with alpine, temperate, and subtropical forests of dwarf rhododendron, oak, pine, maple and fir.The state has Mouling and Namdapha national parks.
Kangte, Nyegi Kangsang, the main Gorichen peak, and the Eastern Gorichen peak are some of the highest peaks in this region of the Himalayas. Numerous river valleys dissect the precipitous terrain of Arunachal.
Some of the major rivers are Kameng, Subansiri, Siang, Dibang, Lohit and Noa-Dihing rivers. Mountains until the Siang river are classified under the Eastern Himalayas mountain range. Between the Siang river and the Noa-Dihing river is classified as the Mishmi Hills that may be part of the Hengduan Shan, but the true extents of these mountains is unclear. South of the Noa-Dihing in Tirap and Longding districts, these mountains are part of the Patkai Range.
The rivers are fed by an immense abundance of forest cover that absorbs moisture and transfers
it to subsurface flows. Summer melt water from snow caps also contributes to the volume of water. Either or both Dong Basti and Vijaynagar basti in Arunachal Pradesh receives the first morning sun rays in the entire country,as the easternmost village of the country. The mountain ranges in Arunachal Pradesh are described as "the place where the sun rises" in historical Indian texts and named the Aruna Mountains.
Climate
The climate of Arunachal Pradesh varies with elevation. The low altitude 100 – 1500 m areas have
a Humid subtropical climate. High altitude and very high altitude areas 3500 – 5500 m have a
subtropical highland climate and alpine climate. Arunachal Pradesh receives 2,000 to 5,000 millimetres79 to 197 in of rainfall annually,70 - 80% obtained between May and October.
Biodiversity
In the year 2000 Arunachal Pradesh was covered with 63,093 km2 24,360 sq mi of tree cover 77% of its land area.
Arunachal's forests account for one-third of habitat area within the Himalayan biodiversity hot-spot.In 2013, 31,273 km2 12,075 sq miof Arunachal's forests were identified as part of a vast area of continuous forests65,730 km2 or 25,380 sq mi, including forests in Myanmar, China and Bhutan known as Intact Forest Landscapes.
It harbours over 5000 plants, about 85 terrestrial mammals, over 500 birds and a large number of butterflies, insects and reptiles.At the lowest elevations, essentially at Arunachal Pradesh's border with Assam, are BrahmaputraValley semi-evergreen forests. Much of the state, including the Himalayan foothills and the Patkai hills, are home to Eastern Himalayan broadleaf forests.
Toward the northern border with Tibet, with increasing elevation, come a mixture of Eastern and Northeastern Himalayan subalpine conifer forests followed by Eastern Himalayan alpine shrub and meadows and ultimately rock and ice on the highest peaks. It supports a large number of medicinal plants and within Ziro valley of Lower Subansiri district 158 medicinal plants are being used by its inhabitants.
The mountain slopes and hills are covered with alpine, temperate, and subtropical forests of dwarf rhododendron, oak, pine, maple and fir.The state has Mouling and Namdapha national parks.
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